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Characterization and performance of V

Caiting LI, Qun LI, Pei LU, Huafei CUI, Guangming ZENG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 156-161 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0295-x

Abstract: A series of CeO supported V O catalysts with various loadings were prepared with different calcination temperatures by the incipient impregnation. The catalysts were evaluated for low temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with ammonia (NH ). The effects of O and SO on catalytic activity were also studied. The catalysts were characterized by specific surface areas (S ) and X–ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The experimental results showed that NO conversion changed significantly with the different V O loading and calcination temperature. With the V O loading increasing from 0 to 10 wt%, NO conversion increased significantly, but decreased at higher loading. The optimum calcination temperature was 400°C. The best catalyst yielded above 80% NO conversion in the reaction temperature range of 160°C–300°C. The formation of CeVO on the surface of catalysts caused the decrease of redox ability.

Keywords： V<sub>2sub>O<sub>5sub>/CeO<sub>2sub> catalysts     NH<sub>3sub>-SCR (selective catalytic reduction    

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Chemical deactivation of V

Xiaodong WU, Wenchao YU, Zhichun SI, Duan WENG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 420-427 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0489-0

Abstract: V O -WO /TiO catalyst was poisoned by impregnation with NH Cl, KOH and KCl solution, respectively. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), N physisorption, Raman, UV-vis, NH adsorption, temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H -TPR), temperature-programmed oxidation of ammonia (NH -TPO) and selective catalytic reduction of NO with ammonia (NH -SCR). The deactivation effects of poisoning agents follow the sequence of KCl>KOH>>NH Cl. The addition of ammonia chloride enlarges the pore size of the titania support, and promotes the formation of highly dispersed V=O vanadyl which improves the oxidation of ammonia and the high-temperature SCR activity. K ions are suggested to interact with vanadium and tungsten species chemically, resulting in a poor redox property of catalyst. More importantly, potassium can reduce the Br?nsted acidity of catalysts and decrease the stability of Br?nsted acid sites significantly. The more severe deactivation of the KCl-treated catalyst can be mainly ascribed to the higher amount of potassium resided on catalyst.

Keywords： V<sub>2sub>O<sub>5sub>-WO<sub>3sub>/TiO<sub>2sub>     potassium chloride     poisoning     reducibility     acid    

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Effective regeneration of thermally deactivated commercial V-W-Ti catalysts

Xuesong SHANG, Jianrong LI, Xiaowei YU, Jinsheng CHEN, Chi HE

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 38-46 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1167-z

Abstract: An effective method for the regeneration of thermally deactivated commercial monolith SCR catalysts was investigated. Two types of regenerated solutions, namely NH Cl (1 mol/L) and dilute H SO (0.5 mol/L), were employed to treat the used catalyst. The effects of temperature and the regeneration process on the structural and textural properties of the catalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N adsorption/desorption, elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results suggest that the anatase phase of the used catalyst is maintained after exposure to high temperatures. Some of the catalytic activity was restored after regeneration. The catalyst regenerated by aqueous NH Cl had a higher activity than that of the catalyst treated by dilute H SO . The main reason is that the NH generated from the decomposition of NH Cl at high temperatures can be adsorbed onto the catalyst which promotes the reaction. The aggregated V O were partially re-dispersed during the regeneration process, and the intrinsic oxidation of ammonia with high concentrations of O is a factor that suppresses the catalytic activity.

Keywords： V<sub>2sub>O<sub>5sub>-WO<sub>3sub>/TiO<sub>2sub> catalysts     thermal deactivation     regeneration     NH<sub>4sub>Cl     dilute H<sub>2sub>SO<sub>4sub> solution    

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Enhancing the aromatic selectivity of cyclohexane aromatization by CO<sub>2sub> coupling

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 11,   Pages 1801-1808 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2325-9

Abstract: Herein, CO<sub>2sub> is introduced into the cyclohexane conversion process on the HZSM-5 zeolite, whichsub>) selectivity of 48.2% can be obtained at the conditions of 2.7 MPa (CO<sub>2sub>), 450 °C, and1.7 h−1, which is better than that without CO<sub>2sub> (aromatic selectivity = 43.2%).>2sub>.13C isotope labeling experimental results demonstrate that CO<sub>2sub> can enter into the

Keywords： aromatics     carbon dioxide     aromatization     coupling reaction     ZSM-5 zeolite    

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Rh<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>/hexagonal CePO<sub>4sub> nanocatalysts for N<sub>2sub>O decomposition

Huan Liu, Zhen Ma

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 586-593 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1659-6

Abstract: Hexagonal CePO nanorods were prepared by a precipitation method and hexagonal CePO nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at 150 °C. Rh(NO ) was then used as a precursor for the impregnation of Rh O onto these CePO materials. The Rh O supported on the CePO nanowires was much more active for the catalytic decomposition of N O than the Rh O supported on CePO nanorods. The stability of both catalysts as a function of time on stream was studied and the influence of the co-feed (CO , O , H O or O /H O) on the N O decomposition was also investigated. The samples were characterized by N adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, oxygen temperature-programmed desorption, and CO temperature-programmed desorption in order to correlate the physicochemical and catalytic properties.

Keywords： Rh<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>     CePO<sub>4sub>     N<sub>2sub>O decomposition    

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Simultaneous removal of NO and chlorobenzene on VO/TiO granular catalyst: Kinetic study and performance prediction

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1363-5

Abstract:

• A V<sub>2sub>O<sub>5sub>/TiO<sub>2sub> granular catalyst for

Keywords： NO<sub>xsub>     Chlorobenzene     Simultaneous removal     Kinetic study     Performance prediction     V<sub>2sub>O<sub>5sub>/TiO<sub>2sub>     Graphical abstract    

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CO<sub>2sub> methanation and co-methanation of CO and CO<sub>2sub> over Mn-promoted Ni/Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> catalysts

Kechao Zhao,Zhenhua Li,Li Bian

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 273-280 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1563-5

Abstract: A series of Mn-promoted 15 wt-% Ni/Al O catalysts were prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation method. The effect of the Mn content on the activity of the Ni/Al O catalysts for CO methanation and the co-methanation of CO and CO in a fixed-bed reactor was investigated. The catalysts were characterized by N physisorption, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction and desorption, carbon dioxide temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The presence of Mn increased the number of CO adsorption sites and inhibited Ni particle agglomeration due to improved Ni dispersion and weakened interactions between the nickel species and the support. The Mn-promoted 15 wt-% Ni/Al O catalysts had improved CO methanation activity especially at low temperatures (250 to 400 °C). The Mn content was varied from 0.86% to 2.54% and the best CO conversion was achieved with the 1.71Mn-Ni/Al O catalyst. The co-methanation tests on the 1.71Mn-Ni/Al O catalyst indicated that adding Mn markedly enhanced the CO methanation activity especially at low temperatures but it had little influence on the CO methanation performance. CO methanation was more sensitive to the reaction temperature and the space velocity than the CO methanation in the co-methanation process.

Keywords： Mn promotion     nickel catalysts     CO<sub>2sub> methanation     co-methanation of CO and CO<sub>2sub>    

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On the monolayer dispersion behavior of Co<sub>3sub>O<sub>4sub> on HZSM-5 support: designing applicable

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 11,   Pages 1741-1754 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2332-x

Abstract: Based on monolayer dispersion theory, Co<sub>3sub>O<sub>4sub>/ZSM-5 catalysts with different loadingsCo<sub>3sub>O<sub>4sub> can spontaneously disperse on HZSM-5 support with a monolayer dispersionIt has been revealed that the quantities of surface active oxygen (O<sub>2sub>–) and acidcapacity, possesses the most abundant active O<sub>2sub>– species and acidic sites, therebycapacity amount of Co<sub>3sub>O<sub>4sub> onto HZSM-5 support.

Keywords： Co<sub>3sub>O<sub>4sub>/ZSM-5     NO<sub>xsub>-SCR by NH<sub>3sub>     monolayer dispersionthreshold effect     surface acid sites     surface active O<sub>2sub>– anions    

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Physical and chemical processes of wintertime secondary nitrate aerosol formation

Qi YING

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 348-361 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0343-1

Abstract: The UCD/CIT model was modified to include a process analysis (PA) scheme for gas and particulate matter (PM) to study the formation of secondary nitrate aerosol during a stagnant wintertime air pollution episode during the California Regional PM /PM Air Quality Study (CRPAQS) where detailed measurements of PM components are available at a few sites. Secondary nitrate is formed in the urban areas from near the ground to a few hundred meters above the surface during the day with a maximum modeled net increase rate of 4 μg·m ·d during the study episode. The secondary nitrate formation rate in rural areas is lower due to lower NO . In the afternoon hours, near-surface temperature can be high enough to evaporate the particulate nitrate. In the nighttime hours, both the gas phase N O reactions with water vapor and the N O heterogeneous reactions with particle-bound water are important for secondary nitrate formation. The N O reactions are most import near the surface to a few hundred meters above surface with a maximum modeled net secondary nitrate increase rate of 1 μg·m ·d and are more significant in the rural areas where the O concentrations are high at night. In general, vertical transport during the day moves the nitrate formed near the surface to higher elevations. During the stagnant days, process analysis indicates that the nitrate concentration in the upper air builds up and leads to a net downward flux of nitrate through vertical diffusion and a rapid increase of surface nitrate concentration.

Keywords： secondary nitrate aerosol     N<sub>2sub>O<sub>5sub> heterogeneous reaction     process analysis    

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A Storage-Driven CO<sub>2sub> EOR for a Net-Zero Emission Target Article

Yueliang Liu, Zhenhua Rui

Engineering 2022, Volume 18, Issue 11,   Pages 79-87 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.02.010

Abstract: >2sub>) emissions.>2sub> emissions by storing CO<sub>2sub> in oil reservoirs.CO<sub>2sub> EOR—whose main target is to realize net-zero or even negative CO<sub>2sub> emissionsStorage-driven CO<sub>2sub> EOR is superior to conventional CO<sub>2sub> EOR in improving sweepingthan conventional CO<sub>2sub> EOR.

Keywords： CO<sub>2sub>     EOR     Net CO<sub>2sub>     emissions     Dimethyl ether     Storage-driven CO<sub>2sub>     EOR     CO<sub>2sub>     sequestration    

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Effect of SiO

Qian WANG, Lei WANG, Hui WANG, Zengxi LI, Xiangping ZHANG, Suojiang ZHANG, Kebin ZHOU

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 79-88 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0550-5

Abstract: diameter of SAPO-34 as well as HZSM-5 increase with SiO /Al O ratio.The variation of BET surface area of SAPO-34 is different from that of HZSM-5 and the sample with SiOFT-IR spectra indicate that HZSM-5 has both Br?nsted and Lewis acid sites and Br?ratio increases, propylene and butylenes become the predominant product of the MTO reaction over HZSM-5.According to the product distribution, the reaction mechanism over HZSM-5 catalysts is proposed.

Keywords： HZSM-5     SAPO-34     methanol-to-olefin (MTO)     SiO<sub>2sub>/Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> ratio    

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Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> and CeO<sub>2sub>-promoted MgO sorbents for CO<sub>2sub> capture at moderate

Huimei Yu, Xiaoxing Wang, Zhu Shu, Mamoru Fujii, Chunshan Song

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1,   Pages 83-93 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1691-6

Abstract: A series of Al O and CeO modified MgO sorbents was prepared and studied for CO sorption at moderate temperatures. The CO sorption capacity of MgO was enhanced with the addition of either Al O or CeO . Over Al O -MgO sorbents, the best capacity of 24.6 mg-CO /g-sorbent was attained at 100 °C, which was 61% higher than that of MgO (15.3 mg-CO /g-sorbent). The highest capacity of 35.3 mg-CO /g-sorbent was obtained over the CeO -MgO sorbents at the optimal temperature of 200 °C. Combining with the characterization results, we conclude that the promotion effect on CO sorption with the addition of Al O and CeO can be attributed to the increased surface area with reduced MgO crystallite size. Moreover, the addition of CeO increased the basicity of MgO phase, resulting in more increase in the CO capacity than Al O promoter. Both the Al O -MgO and CeO -MgO sorbents exhibited better cyclic stability than MgO over the course of fifteen CO sorption-desorption cycles. Compared to Al O , CeO is more effective for promoting the CO capacity of MgO. To enhance the CO capacity of MgO sorbent, increasing the basicity is more effective than the increase in the surface area.

Keywords： CO<sub>2sub> capture     MgO sorbents     Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>     CeO<sub>2sub>     flue gas    

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The stabilization effect of Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> on unconventional Pb/SiO<sub>2sub> catalyst

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 10,   Pages 1423-1429 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2315-y

Abstract: To enhance the stability, the traditional carrier Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> with a small amount, wasintroduced into Pb/SiO<sub>2sub> catalyst in this study.It has been proved that Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> can inhibit the reduction of PbO, and weaken theAs a result, 3Al15Pb/SiO<sub>2sub> catalyst exhibits a much higher stability up to more than 150 h.>2sub>O<sub>3sub> addition was also proposed.

Keywords： Pb/SiO<sub>2sub>     Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>     propane dehydrogenation     propene     stability    

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Cu-doped Bi/Bi<sub>2sub>WO<sub>6sub> catalysts for efficient N<sub>2sub> fixation by photocatalysis

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 10,   Pages 1412-1422 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2312-1

Abstract: it in photocatalytic N<sub>2sub> immobilization.>2sub>WO<sub>6sub> composite.>2sub>WO<sub>6sub>.>2sub>WO<sub>6sub>, respectively.>2sub>-to-NH<sub>3sub> conversion.

Keywords： Bi<sub>2sub>WO<sub>6sub>     Cu doping     work function     photocatalytic N<sub>2sub> fixation     charge    

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ZnFe<sub>2sub>O<sub>4sub> deposited on BiOCl with exposed (001) and (010) facets for photocatalyticreduction of CO<sub>2sub> in cyclohexanol

Guixian Song, Xionggang Wu, Feng Xin, Xiaohong Yin

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 197-204 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1606-y

Abstract: ZnFe O -BiOCl composites were prepared by both hydrothermal and direct precipitation processes and the structures and properties of the samples were characterized by various instrumental techniques. The samples were then used as catalysts for the photocatalytic reduction of CO in cyclohexanol under ultraviolet irradiation to give cyclohexanone (CH) and cyclohexyl formate (CF). The photocatalytic CO reduction activities over the hydrothermally prepared ZnFe O -BiOCl composites were higher than those over the directly-precipitated composites. This is because compared to the direct-precipitation sample, the ZnFe O nanoparticles in the hydrothermal sample were smaller and more uniformly distributed on the surface of BiOCl and so more heterojunctions were formed. Higher CF and CH yields were obtained for the pure BiOCl and BiOCl composite samples with more exposed (001) facets than for the samples with more exposed (010) facets. This is due to the higher density of oxygen atoms in the exposed (001) facets, which creates more oxygen vacancies, and thereby improves the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs. More importantly, irradiation of the (001) facets with ultraviolet light produces photo-generated electrons which is helpful for the reduction of CO to ·CO . The mechanism for the photocatalytic reduction of CO in cyclohexanol over ZnFe O -BiOCl composites with exposed (001) facets involves electron transfer and carbon radical formation.

Keywords： reduction of CO<sub>2sub>     cyclohexanol     ZnFe<sub>2sub>O<sub>4sub> deposited BiOCl     facet     composite    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Characterization and performance of V

Caiting LI, Qun LI, Pei LU, Huafei CUI, Guangming ZENG

Journal Article

Chemical deactivation of V

Xiaodong WU, Wenchao YU, Zhichun SI, Duan WENG

Journal Article

Effective regeneration of thermally deactivated commercial V-W-Ti catalysts

Xuesong SHANG, Jianrong LI, Xiaowei YU, Jinsheng CHEN, Chi HE

Journal Article

Enhancing the aromatic selectivity of cyclohexane aromatization by CO<sub>2sub> coupling

Journal Article

Rh<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>/hexagonal CePO<sub>4sub> nanocatalysts for N<sub>2sub>O decomposition

Huan Liu, Zhen Ma

Journal Article

Simultaneous removal of NO and chlorobenzene on VO/TiO granular catalyst: Kinetic study and performance prediction

Journal Article

CO<sub>2sub> methanation and co-methanation of CO and CO<sub>2sub> over Mn-promoted Ni/Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> catalysts

Kechao Zhao,Zhenhua Li,Li Bian

Journal Article

On the monolayer dispersion behavior of Co<sub>3sub>O<sub>4sub> on HZSM-5 support: designing applicable

Journal Article

Physical and chemical processes of wintertime secondary nitrate aerosol formation

Qi YING

Journal Article

A Storage-Driven CO<sub>2sub> EOR for a Net-Zero Emission Target

Yueliang Liu, Zhenhua Rui

Journal Article

Effect of SiO

Qian WANG, Lei WANG, Hui WANG, Zengxi LI, Xiangping ZHANG, Suojiang ZHANG, Kebin ZHOU

Journal Article

Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> and CeO<sub>2sub>-promoted MgO sorbents for CO<sub>2sub> capture at moderate

Huimei Yu, Xiaoxing Wang, Zhu Shu, Mamoru Fujii, Chunshan Song

Journal Article

The stabilization effect of Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> on unconventional Pb/SiO<sub>2sub> catalyst

Journal Article

Cu-doped Bi/Bi<sub>2sub>WO<sub>6sub> catalysts for efficient N<sub>2sub> fixation by photocatalysis

Journal Article

ZnFe<sub>2sub>O<sub>4sub> deposited on BiOCl with exposed (001) and (010) facets for photocatalyticreduction of CO<sub>2sub> in cyclohexanol

Guixian Song, Xionggang Wu, Feng Xin, Xiaohong Yin

Journal Article